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- <a name="Constants"></a>
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- <p>
- Next: <a href="Regs-and-Memory.html#Regs-and-Memory" accesskey="n" rel="next">Regs and Memory</a>, Previous: <a href="Machine-Modes.html#Machine-Modes" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Machine Modes</a>, Up: <a href="RTL.html#RTL" accesskey="u" rel="up">RTL</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
- </div>
- <hr>
- <a name="Constant-Expression-Types"></a>
- <h3 class="section">13.7 Constant Expression Types</h3>
- <a name="index-RTL-constants"></a>
- <a name="index-RTL-constant-expression-types"></a>
- <p>The simplest RTL expressions are those that represent constant values.
- </p>
- <dl compact="compact">
- <dd><a name="index-const_005fint"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const_int <var>i</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>This type of expression represents the integer value <var>i</var>. <var>i</var>
- is customarily accessed with the macro <code>INTVAL</code> as in
- <code>INTVAL (<var>exp</var>)</code>, which is equivalent to <code>XWINT (<var>exp</var>, 0)</code>.
- </p>
- <p>Constants generated for modes with fewer bits than in
- <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code> must be sign extended to full width (e.g., with
- <code>gen_int_mode</code>). For constants for modes with more bits than in
- <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code> the implied high order bits of that constant are
- copies of the top bit. Note however that values are neither
- inherently signed nor inherently unsigned; where necessary, signedness
- is determined by the rtl operation instead.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const0_005frtx"></a>
- <a name="index-const1_005frtx"></a>
- <a name="index-const2_005frtx"></a>
- <a name="index-constm1_005frtx"></a>
- <p>There is only one expression object for the integer value zero; it is
- the value of the variable <code>const0_rtx</code>. Likewise, the only
- expression for integer value one is found in <code>const1_rtx</code>, the only
- expression for integer value two is found in <code>const2_rtx</code>, and the
- only expression for integer value negative one is found in
- <code>constm1_rtx</code>. Any attempt to create an expression of code
- <code>const_int</code> and value zero, one, two or negative one will return
- <code>const0_rtx</code>, <code>const1_rtx</code>, <code>const2_rtx</code> or
- <code>constm1_rtx</code> as appropriate.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const_005ftrue_005frtx"></a>
- <p>Similarly, there is only one object for the integer whose value is
- <code>STORE_FLAG_VALUE</code>. It is found in <code>const_true_rtx</code>. If
- <code>STORE_FLAG_VALUE</code> is one, <code>const_true_rtx</code> and
- <code>const1_rtx</code> will point to the same object. If
- <code>STORE_FLAG_VALUE</code> is -1, <code>const_true_rtx</code> and
- <code>constm1_rtx</code> will point to the same object.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const_005fdouble"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const_double:<var>m</var> <var>i0</var> <var>i1</var> …)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>This represents either a floating-point constant of mode <var>m</var> or
- (on older ports that do not define
- <code>TARGET_SUPPORTS_WIDE_INT</code>) an integer constant too large to fit
- into <code>HOST_BITS_PER_WIDE_INT</code> bits but small enough to fit within
- twice that number of bits. In the latter case, <var>m</var> will be
- <code>VOIDmode</code>. For integral values constants for modes with more
- bits than twice the number in <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code> the implied high
- order bits of that constant are copies of the top bit of
- <code>CONST_DOUBLE_HIGH</code>. Note however that integral values are
- neither inherently signed nor inherently unsigned; where necessary,
- signedness is determined by the rtl operation instead.
- </p>
- <p>On more modern ports, <code>CONST_DOUBLE</code> only represents floating
- point values. New ports define <code>TARGET_SUPPORTS_WIDE_INT</code> to
- make this designation.
- </p>
- <a name="index-CONST_005fDOUBLE_005fLOW"></a>
- <p>If <var>m</var> is <code>VOIDmode</code>, the bits of the value are stored in
- <var>i0</var> and <var>i1</var>. <var>i0</var> is customarily accessed with the macro
- <code>CONST_DOUBLE_LOW</code> and <var>i1</var> with <code>CONST_DOUBLE_HIGH</code>.
- </p>
- <p>If the constant is floating point (regardless of its precision), then
- the number of integers used to store the value depends on the size of
- <code>REAL_VALUE_TYPE</code> (see <a href="Floating-Point.html#Floating-Point">Floating Point</a>). The integers
- represent a floating point number, but not precisely in the target
- machine’s or host machine’s floating point format. To convert them to
- the precise bit pattern used by the target machine, use the macro
- <code>REAL_VALUE_TO_TARGET_DOUBLE</code> and friends (see <a href="Data-Output.html#Data-Output">Data Output</a>).
- </p>
- <a name="index-CONST_005fWIDE_005fINT"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const_wide_int:<var>m</var> <var>nunits</var> <var>elt0</var> …)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>This contains an array of <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code>s that is large enough
- to hold any constant that can be represented on the target. This form
- of rtl is only used on targets that define
- <code>TARGET_SUPPORTS_WIDE_INT</code> to be nonzero and then
- <code>CONST_DOUBLE</code>s are only used to hold floating-point values. If
- the target leaves <code>TARGET_SUPPORTS_WIDE_INT</code> defined as 0,
- <code>CONST_WIDE_INT</code>s are not used and <code>CONST_DOUBLE</code>s are as
- they were before.
- </p>
- <p>The values are stored in a compressed format. The higher-order
- 0s or -1s are not represented if they are just the logical sign
- extension of the number that is represented.
- </p>
- <a name="index-CONST_005fWIDE_005fINT_005fVEC"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>CONST_WIDE_INT_VEC (<var>code</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Returns the entire array of <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code>s that are used to
- store the value. This macro should be rarely used.
- </p>
- <a name="index-CONST_005fWIDE_005fINT_005fNUNITS"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>CONST_WIDE_INT_NUNITS (<var>code</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>The number of <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code>s used to represent the number.
- Note that this generally is smaller than the number of
- <code>HOST_WIDE_INT</code>s implied by the mode size.
- </p>
- <a name="index-CONST_005fWIDE_005fINT_005fELT"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>CONST_WIDE_INT_NUNITS (<var>code</var>,<var>i</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Returns the <code>i</code>th element of the array. Element 0 is contains
- the low order bits of the constant.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const_005ffixed"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const_fixed:<var>m</var> …)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents a fixed-point constant of mode <var>m</var>.
- The operand is a data structure of type <code>struct fixed_value</code> and
- is accessed with the macro <code>CONST_FIXED_VALUE</code>. The high part of
- data is accessed with <code>CONST_FIXED_VALUE_HIGH</code>; the low part is
- accessed with <code>CONST_FIXED_VALUE_LOW</code>.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const_005fvector"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const_vector:<var>m</var> [<var>x0</var> <var>x1</var> …])</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents a vector constant. The square brackets stand for the vector
- containing the constant elements. <var>x0</var>, <var>x1</var> and so on are
- the <code>const_int</code>, <code>const_double</code> or <code>const_fixed</code> elements.
- </p>
- <p>The number of units in a <code>const_vector</code> is obtained with the macro
- <code>CONST_VECTOR_NUNITS</code> as in <code>CONST_VECTOR_NUNITS (<var>v</var>)</code>.
- </p>
- <p>Individual elements in a vector constant are accessed with the macro
- <code>CONST_VECTOR_ELT</code> as in <code>CONST_VECTOR_ELT (<var>v</var>, <var>n</var>)</code>
- where <var>v</var> is the vector constant and <var>n</var> is the element
- desired.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const_005fstring"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const_string <var>str</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents a constant string with value <var>str</var>. Currently this is
- used only for insn attributes (see <a href="Insn-Attributes.html#Insn-Attributes">Insn Attributes</a>) since constant
- strings in C are placed in memory.
- </p>
- <a name="index-symbol_005fref"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(symbol_ref:<var>mode</var> <var>symbol</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents the value of an assembler label for data. <var>symbol</var> is
- a string that describes the name of the assembler label. If it starts
- with a ‘<samp>*</samp>’, the label is the rest of <var>symbol</var> not including
- the ‘<samp>*</samp>’. Otherwise, the label is <var>symbol</var>, usually prefixed
- with ‘<samp>_</samp>’.
- </p>
- <p>The <code>symbol_ref</code> contains a mode, which is usually <code>Pmode</code>.
- Usually that is the only mode for which a symbol is directly valid.
- </p>
- <a name="index-label_005fref"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(label_ref:<var>mode</var> <var>label</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents the value of an assembler label for code. It contains one
- operand, an expression, which must be a <code>code_label</code> or a <code>note</code>
- of type <code>NOTE_INSN_DELETED_LABEL</code> that appears in the instruction
- sequence to identify the place where the label should go.
- </p>
- <p>The reason for using a distinct expression type for code label
- references is so that jump optimization can distinguish them.
- </p>
- <p>The <code>label_ref</code> contains a mode, which is usually <code>Pmode</code>.
- Usually that is the only mode for which a label is directly valid.
- </p>
- <a name="index-const"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(const:<var>m</var> <var>exp</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents a constant that is the result of an assembly-time
- arithmetic computation. The operand, <var>exp</var>, is an expression that
- contains only constants (<code>const_int</code>, <code>symbol_ref</code> and
- <code>label_ref</code> expressions) combined with <code>plus</code> and
- <code>minus</code>. However, not all combinations are valid, since the
- assembler cannot do arbitrary arithmetic on relocatable symbols.
- </p>
- <p><var>m</var> should be <code>Pmode</code>.
- </p>
- <a name="index-high"></a>
- </dd>
- <dt><code>(high:<var>m</var> <var>exp</var>)</code></dt>
- <dd><p>Represents the high-order bits of <var>exp</var>, usually a
- <code>symbol_ref</code>. The number of bits is machine-dependent and is
- normally the number of bits specified in an instruction that initializes
- the high order bits of a register. It is used with <code>lo_sum</code> to
- represent the typical two-instruction sequence used in RISC machines to
- reference a global memory location.
- </p>
- <p><var>m</var> should be <code>Pmode</code>.
- </p></dd>
- </dl>
- <a name="index-CONST0_005fRTX"></a>
- <a name="index-CONST1_005fRTX"></a>
- <a name="index-CONST2_005fRTX"></a>
- <p>The macro <code>CONST0_RTX (<var>mode</var>)</code> refers to an expression with
- value 0 in mode <var>mode</var>. If mode <var>mode</var> is of mode class
- <code>MODE_INT</code>, it returns <code>const0_rtx</code>. If mode <var>mode</var> is of
- mode class <code>MODE_FLOAT</code>, it returns a <code>CONST_DOUBLE</code>
- expression in mode <var>mode</var>. Otherwise, it returns a
- <code>CONST_VECTOR</code> expression in mode <var>mode</var>. Similarly, the macro
- <code>CONST1_RTX (<var>mode</var>)</code> refers to an expression with value 1 in
- mode <var>mode</var> and similarly for <code>CONST2_RTX</code>. The
- <code>CONST1_RTX</code> and <code>CONST2_RTX</code> macros are undefined
- for vector modes.
- </p>
- <hr>
- <div class="header">
- <p>
- Next: <a href="Regs-and-Memory.html#Regs-and-Memory" accesskey="n" rel="next">Regs and Memory</a>, Previous: <a href="Machine-Modes.html#Machine-Modes" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Machine Modes</a>, Up: <a href="RTL.html#RTL" accesskey="u" rel="up">RTL</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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